Carl H. Nightingale.  “Before Race Mattered: Geographies of the Color Line in Early Colonial Madras and New York.” The American Historical Review 113, no. 1 (February 1, 2008): 48-71. First paragraph: By the 1710s, British authorities at both Madras, India, and New York City had made, by fits and starts, more than a half-century of … Continue reading Readings in Black Geographies